Private Nurse Practitioner Services
NP Megan Dunn
Vaginal Concerns
Most women experience vaginal concerns or discomfort at some point. Vaginal itch, irritation, dryness, change in / unusual discharge, change in / unusual odor, pain during intercourse, or rashes / lumps / bumps may warrant further assessment to determine the underlying cause so the appropriate treatment can be prescribed.
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Yeast Infection
Yeast infection is a common type of vaginal infection caused by an overgrowth of a fungus called Candida - typically Candida albicans. These yeast infections can affect both the vulva (the external vaginal area) and the vagina.
Common symptoms of a yeast infection include itch, burning, and irritation in the vulva and vaginal area. Additionally, there may be a thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge. Pain or discomfort with urination or sexual activity may also occur.
Yeast infections are typically treated with antifungal medications, and may include creams, vaginal suppositories, and oral tablets. Uncomplicated yeast infections can often be treated with over-the-counter products. Symptoms that persist despite treatment warrant further assessment, as other conditions sometimes mimic the symptoms of a yeast infection. Likewise, infections that are severe or recurrent warrant further assessment to determine the proper diagnosis and treatment.
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Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance in the natural flora of the vagina. Normally, the vagina contains a mix of beneficial bacteria, primarily lactobacilli, which help to maintain a healthy pH balance and prevent the overgrowth of harmful bacteria. In BV, there is a decrease in the number of lactobacilli and an increase in other types of bacteria.
BV often presents with symptoms such as an increase in thin grey-white vaginal discharge with a fishy odor. Some women may also experience itch or discomfort, while others may have no symptoms at all.
BV is typically treated with antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider. The Nurse Practitioner can diagnose BV through a pelvic examination and vaginal swab to confirm. While BV is generally not considered a serious infection, prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and alleviate discomfort.
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Vaginal Dryness
Vaginal dryness is a common condition characterized by a lack of moisture and lubrication in the vaginal area. It can lead to itching, burning, irritation, pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia), and increases suceptability to vaginal infections. Ultimately, vaginal dryness can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life. Vaginal dryness can occur at any age but is most common during and after menopause due to hormonal changes.
The primary cause of vaginal dryness is a decrease in estrogen levels. In addition to perimenopause and menopause, women also experience a decline in estrogen during childbirth and breastfeeding, as a side effect of certain medications, and some medical conditions that affect hormone production.
Treatment of vaginal dryness will depend on the cause, but may include use of vaginal moisturizers or lubricants, menopause / hormonal replacement therapy, non-hormonal prescription medications, and attention to certain lifestyle factors.
The Nurse Practitioner can review symptoms and medical history, and perform a pelvic examination to determine if further investigation is warranted, and to make individualized treatment recommendations to improve vaginal dryness and overall quality of life and wellbeing.
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